Same-sex couples looking to expand their families typically have two primary options available to them. They can adopt, or they can utilize assisted reproductive technology.
Surrogacy, in vitro fertilization (IVF) and other modern fertility solutions can help same-sex couples add children to their loving homes. Typically, same-sex couples pursuing medically assisted reproduction require gametes from other parties. Gay men may require donated ova, while lesbian couples require sperm.
Couples have the option of either using donated embryos or donated gametes in combination with gametes from one of the aspiring parents. Which option is better?
There are benefits and drawbacks to each option
Medically-assisted reproduction is a very intimate and personal matter. Every couple may approach the process with different needs and hopes. In some cases, couples may agree that the use of one spouse’s gametes is the best arrangement possible.
Other times, concerns about jealousy or legal issues should the marriage end in divorce might inspire couples to use donated embryos. Other couples that have already successfully completed medically assisted reproduction sometimes donate their remaining embryos to people they know or to any couple in need.
Factors including the age of the spouses, their medical issues and even whether either has children from prior relationships can impact which option is better. The desire to have children with specific traits can also influence which approach same-sex couples use.
Couples typically need thorough contracts to protect themselves when acquiring donated gametes or embryos, hiring medical professionals and partnering with a surrogate. Discussing the details of expanding a same-sex couple’s family with a skilled legal team can help aspiring parents evaluate their options. There are a variety of different solutions available for couples in different circumstances.